Naloxone, better known by the brand name Narcan, can save the life of someone overdosing on opioid drugs such as morphine, fentanyl, or heroin. It can be applied intramuscularly or via a nasal spray. The spray especially can be used with very little training, and instructions are usually written on the packaging.
Narcan works pretty fast, usually taking effect within a few minutes. It only blocks the effects of the opioid for about an hour, so multiple applications may be required depending on how deep the overdose is. An overdose can manifest in many different ways, but the most common symptoms are shallow breathing and unconsciousness.
Once you apply Narcan, it’s important to move a short distance away from the applicant. This can be counterintuitive because you are trying to save their life. The reason for this is that medication kills their “high” very suddenly, and it can momentarily cause them to lash out. Once their “high” is gone, it is usually safe to approach them and monitor their vitals. If the Narcan is working, the recipient will be breathing steadily and look sober. If they are willing, it’s important to then take them to a hospital or have them checked by a medical professional.
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